Signifikansi Siklus Biogeokimia Karbon Laut Bagi Sistem Biosfer dan Pembangunan Ekonomi Biru Indonesia
Keywords:
Oseanografi, Biogeokimia Laut, Karbon Biru, Ekonomi BiruSynopsis
Biogeokimia adalah cabang ilmu yang mempelajari transfer material dari atmosfer, hidrosfer, litosfer, dan biosfer. Penelitian biogeokimia laut, terutama terkait dengan perubahan iklim, pengasaman laut, dan pemanasan global, meningkat sejak awal 1990-an. Di Asia Tenggara, penelitian ini lebih berfokus pada dampak aktivitas manusia. Perkembangan peralatan analisis modern telah mempercepat pemahaman tentang siklus karbon, memungkinkan kuantifikasi karbon dan identifikasi peran organisme dalam transfer karbon. Penelitian tentang dekomposisi material organik dan peran vegetasi laut dalam menyerap karbon dioksida telah berkembang dengan teori dan pemodelan terbaru. Perkembangan teknologi analitik dan komputasi juga telah mempermudah pengumpulan dan analisis data dalam penelitian biogeokimia karbon. Teknik pemetaan spasial menggunakan citra satelit dan sensor penginderaan jauh memungkinkan pemantauan perubahan lahan dan vegetasi laut secara akurat. Selain itu, kemajuan dalam pemodelan komputer memungkinkan simulasi interaksi kompleks antara faktor biologis, kimia, dan fisik yang mempengaruhi distribusi dan perubahan karbon.
Peningkatan karbon antropogenik di atmosfer sejak revolusi industri telah mengubah kondisi bumi dan biosfer, termasuk variabilitas karbon laut yang mempengaruhi produktivitas laut. Selain itu, variabilitas iklim di Indonesia, hasil dari dinamika laut dan atmosfer, mempengaruhi variabilitas biogeokimia karbon laut. Selama ini laut Indonesia berperan penting dalam siklus karbon laut global karena keanekaragaman ekosistem, pola sirkulasi laut, dan lokasi geografisnya yang strategis. Siklus biogeokimia karbon laut di Indonesia mencerminkan sifat dinamis dan berdampak global pada sistem biosfer.
Indonesia dengan karakteristik tropisnya memiliki berbagai jenis ekosistem yang menyediakan keragaman reservoar karbon, menghasilkan transfer karbon yang lebih kompleks dibanding wilayah subtropis. Informasi terkait siklus biogeokimia karbon laut Indonesia penting untuk kebijakan pembangunan nasional. Naskah orasi ini mengulas lima hal utama: siklus biogeokimia karbon laut, transfer biogeokimia karbon laut, variabilitas karbon laut Indonesia oleh sebab faktor eksogen, prakiraan deret waktu variabilitas karbon laut, dan relevansi riset terhadap pembangunan ekonomi biru. Bab-bab ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang peran riset dalam pengelolaan lingkungan dan ekonomi berkelanjutan.
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ISBN-13 (15)
978-623-8372-89-8
