Signifikansi Siklus Biogeokimia Karbon Laut Bagi Sistem Biosfer dan Pembangunan Ekonomi Biru Indonesia

Authors

Aan Johan Wahyudi
Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/brin.1258

Keywords:

Oseanografi, Biogeokimia Laut, Karbon Biru, Ekonomi Biru

Synopsis

Biogeokimia adalah cabang ilmu yang mempelajari transfer material dari atmosfer, hidrosfer, litosfer, dan biosfer. Penelitian biogeokimia laut, terutama terkait dengan perubahan iklim, pengasaman laut, dan pemanasan global, meningkat sejak awal 1990-an. Di Asia Tenggara, penelitian ini lebih berfokus pada dampak aktivitas manusia. Perkembangan peralatan analisis modern telah mempercepat pemahaman tentang siklus karbon, memungkinkan kuantifikasi karbon dan identifikasi peran organisme dalam transfer karbon. Penelitian tentang dekomposisi material organik dan peran vegetasi laut dalam menyerap karbon dioksida telah berkembang dengan teori dan pemodelan terbaru. Perkembangan teknologi analitik dan komputasi juga telah mempermudah pengumpulan dan analisis data dalam penelitian biogeokimia karbon. Teknik pemetaan spasial menggunakan citra satelit dan sensor penginderaan jauh memungkinkan pemantauan perubahan lahan dan vegetasi laut secara akurat. Selain itu, kemajuan dalam pemodelan komputer memungkinkan simulasi interaksi kompleks antara faktor biologis, kimia, dan fisik yang mempengaruhi distribusi dan perubahan karbon.

Peningkatan karbon antropogenik di atmosfer sejak revolusi industri telah mengubah kondisi bumi dan biosfer, termasuk variabilitas karbon laut yang mempengaruhi produktivitas laut. Selain itu, variabilitas iklim di Indonesia, hasil dari dinamika laut dan atmosfer, mempengaruhi variabilitas biogeokimia karbon laut. Selama ini laut Indonesia berperan penting dalam siklus karbon laut global karena keanekaragaman ekosistem, pola sirkulasi laut, dan lokasi geografisnya yang strategis. Siklus biogeokimia karbon laut di Indonesia mencerminkan sifat dinamis dan berdampak global pada sistem biosfer.

Indonesia dengan karakteristik tropisnya memiliki berbagai jenis ekosistem yang menyediakan keragaman reservoar karbon, menghasilkan transfer karbon yang lebih kompleks dibanding wilayah subtropis. Informasi terkait siklus biogeokimia karbon laut Indonesia penting untuk kebijakan pembangunan nasional. Naskah orasi ini mengulas lima hal utama: siklus biogeokimia karbon laut, transfer biogeokimia karbon laut, variabilitas karbon laut Indonesia oleh sebab faktor eksogen, prakiraan deret waktu variabilitas karbon laut, dan relevansi riset terhadap pembangunan ekonomi biru. Bab-bab ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang peran riset dalam pengelolaan lingkungan dan ekonomi berkelanjutan.

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Author Biography

Aan Johan Wahyudi, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Dr. A’an Johan Wahyudi, lahir di Bojonegoro, pada tanggal 20 Januari 1983 adalah anak pertama dari Bapak Kusnadi dan Ibu Ninik Cahyawati. Menikah dengan Febty Febriani, Ph.D dan dikaruniai dua orang anak, yaitu Fatah Rifqy Wahyuriansyah, dan Fawwaz Rasyad Wahyuriansyah.
Berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 2/M Tahun 2023 Tanggal 9 Januari 2023 yang bersangkutan diangkat sebagai Peneliti Ahli Utama terhitung mulai tanggal 25 Januari 2023.
Berdasarkan Keputusan Kepala Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, 170/I/HK/2024 tanggal 5 Juli 2024 tentang Pemben­tukan Majelis Pengukuhan Profesor Riset, yang ber­sangkutan dapat melakukan orasi pengukuhan Profesor Riset.
Menamatkan Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kalirejo 01, tahun 1995, Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri Ngraho, tahun 1998, dan Sekolah Menengah Umum Negeri 02 Bojonegoro, tahun 2001; memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sains dari Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Brawijaya tahun 2005, dan gelar Doktor bidang Sustainable Environmental Studies dari University of Tsukuba, Jepang tahun 2013.
Mengikuti beberapa pelatihan yang terkait dengan bidang kompetensinya, antara lain: ProGRANT Training for Research Grant Proposal Writing di Jakarta (2016), ProGRANT Training for Trainer for Research Grant Proposal Writing di Jakarta (2020), dan SNAS’s SASEA Fellowship Program di Singapura (2023).
Jabatan fungsional peneliti diawali sebagai Kandidat Peneliti golongan III/a tahun 2010, Peneliti Ahli Muda. golongan III/c tahun 2014, Peneliti Ahli Madya tahun 2019, dan memperoleh jabatan Peneliti Ahli Utama bidang Biogeokimia Laut tahun 2023.
Menghasilkan 57 karya tulis ilmiah (KTI), baik yang ditulis sendiri maupun bersama penulis lain dalam bentuk buku, jurnal, dan prosiding. Sebanyak 49 KTI ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris, dan 8 dalam bahasa Indonesia.
Ikut serta dalam pembinaan kader ilmiah, yaitu sebagai pembimbing jabatan fungsional peneliti pada Pusat Riset Oseanografi; pembimbing skripsi (S-1) pada Universitas Brawijaya, Universitas Surya; pembimbing tesis (S-2) pada Institut Pertanian Bogor; pembimbing disertasi (S-3) pada Universitas Indonesia, dan Institut Pertanian Bogor; serta penguji disertasi (S-3) pada Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Aktif dalam organisasi profesi ilmiah, yaitu sebagai Integrated Marine Biosphere Research (IMBeR) - National Contact for Indonesia (2021–sekarang), wakil ketua (deputy chairman/co-champions) IMBeR’s Blue Carbon Working Group (2021–sekarang), anggota Ikatan Sarjana Oseanologi Indonesia (2007–sekarang), dan Persatuan Periset Indonesia (2019–sekarang).
Menerima tanda penghargaan the Best Oral Presenter Award IOC-Westpac International Symposium (2017), SDM Iptek Terbaik Bidang Ilmu Pengetahuan Kebumian Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (2020), Outstanding ASEAN Science Diplomat (2020), dan Satyalancana Karya Satya X (2017) dari Presiden Republik Indonesia.

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