Nanoteknologi dan Modifikasi Kimia Silika sebagai Solusi untuk Material Biosensor yang Berkelanjutan

S. N. Aisyiyah Jenie

doi:10.55981/brin.2096

Nanoteknologi dan Modifikasi Kimia Silika sebagai Solusi untuk Material Biosensor yang Berkelanjutan

Authors

S. N. Aisyiyah Jenie

Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/brin.2096

Keywords:

nanoteknologi, silika, biosensor

Synopsis

Nanomaterial berbasis silika telah menjadi salah satu platform paling menjanjikan yang telah membuka peluang besar dalam menciptakan biosensor yang lebih sensitif, selektif, dan berkelanjutan. Silika sebagai bahan dasar nanomaterial memiliki keunggulan fisis dan kimia seperti luas permukaan yang tinggi, kestabilan termal, keberadaan gugus fungsional aktif, serta sifat biokompatibel dan biodegradable, yang menjadikannya kandidat ideal sebagai transduser dalam sistem biosensor. Di era yang menuntut deteksi biomolekul atau molekul kimia secara cepat, akurat, dan ekonomis, kebutuhan akan material biosensor yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan menjadi sangat mendesak. Integrasi nanoteknologi dan modifikasi kimia permukaan silika menjadi pendekatan strategis untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut.

Rekam jejak riset kami menawarkan pendekatan inovatif dengan memanfaatkan endapan geothermal sebagai sumber nanosilika, yang tidak hanya mengurangi beban limbah industri panas bumi, tetapi juga menghasilkan material baru yang fungsional dan berkelanjutan. Proses sintesis yang digunakan, seperti metode sol-gel, terbukti sederhana, terkontrol, dan memiliki reproducibility tinggi. Nanosilika geothermal yang dihasilkan menunjukkan karakteristik morfologi dan kimia yang setara dengan nanosilika dari prekursor komersial, sekaligus menurunkan biaya produksi secara signifikan.

Lebih jauh, modifikasi kimia nanosilika geothermal dengan dye organik baik secara fisik (adsorpsi) maupun kimia (kovalen) telah berhasil menghasilkan nanosilika berfluoresensi. Material ini telah kami aplikasikan dalam berbagai platform biosensor optik dan bioimaging, serta dalam bidang forensik untuk deteksi sidik jari laten. Kinerja biosensor yang dikembangkan menunjukkan sensitivitas tinggi dalam mendeteksi bakteri, antigen, dan antibodi. Selain itu, karena sifat permukaan yang aktif, nanosilika ini memiliki potensi untuk dimodifikasi lebih lanjut dengan sifat fungsional lain, seperti sifat magnetik, guna meningkatkan selektivitas sistem deteksi.

Hasil riset ini menunjukkan bahwa nanoteknologi dan modifikasi kimia silika dapat menjadi solusi konkret dalam menyediakan material biosensor yang berkelanjutan. Material ini tidak hanya murah dan mudah diproduksi, tetapi juga kompatibel secara biologis dan ramah lingkungan. Selain itu, pendekatan ini memberi nilai tambah pada limbah industri, sejalan dengan prinsip ekonomi sirkular dan pembangunan berkelanjutan.

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