Pemanfaatan Biofuel dalam Mendukung Transisi Energi Berkelanjutan di Indonesia: Kasus Biodiesel

Authors

Soni Solistia Wirawan
Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/brin.2232

Keywords:

Biofuel, Energi, Biodiesel, Emisi

Synopsis

Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar nabati yang terbuat dari minyak tumbuhan seperti minyak sawit, kedelai, atau jarak pagar, yang dapat menjadi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fosil ramah lingkungan dan terbarukan. Saat ini minyak sawit menjadi bahan baku utama untuk produksi biodiesel di Indonesia. Untuk mendapatkan harga produk biodiesel yang lebih ekonomis, telah dilakukan riset produksi biodiesel dari berbagai bahan baku selain minyak sawit seperti diantaranya dari limbah pabrik kelapa sawit (minyak parit), Coconut Fatty Acid Distilate (CFAD) dan Palm Fatty Acid Distilate (PFAD). Demikian juga riset terkait dengan teknologi proses produksi yang lebih efisien dan ekonomis seperti teknologi proses produksi biodiesel tanpa katalis dan lainnya telah dilakukan.

Berbagai riset untuk menjaga agar kualitas biodiesel tetap aman digunakan seperti riset untuk menghilangkan/ menurunkan kadar air (water removal) dan riset kompatibilitas bahan bakar biodiesel terhadap material komponen mesin juga telah dilakukan. Selain riset teknis terkait proses produksi dan kompatibilitas material, riset yang meneliti efek dari penggunaan biodiesel terhadap kinerja mesin dan emisi juga telah dilakukan.

Lewat sinergi dengan berbagai lembaga terkait, riset ini turut berkontribusi dalam penyusunan berbagai kebijakan yang mendukung jalannya implementasi pemanfaatan biodiesel nasional termasuk dalam penyusunan buku Pedoman Umum Penanganan dan Penyimpanan Bahan Bakar Nabati dan Campurannya dengan Kandungan Maksimum 40% untuk Mesin Diesel. Hasil riset yang telah dicapai, mendukung program transisi energi berkelanjutan di Indonesia.

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Author Biography

Soni Solistia Wirawan, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Dr. Ir. Soni Solistia Wirawan, M.Eng. lahir di Bandung, pada tanggal 10 Oktober 1961 adalah anak ke empat dari Bapak S. Anjar Sumyana dan Ibu Koes Anjar Sumyana. Menikah dengan Dra. Ika Sandra dan dikaruniai empat orang anak, yaitu Nike Nadia S.H., M.H., Noval Hudiya S. Kom., Dafa Fadiya S.Si., M.Si.,dan Daniya Fathiya S.P.

Berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 43/M Tahun 2020 tanggal 22 Mei 2020, berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 3/M Tahun 2022 tanggal 19 Januari 2022 yang bersangkutan telah diangkat sebagai Perekayasa Ahli Utama di BRIN

Berdasarkan Keputusan Kepala Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) Nomor 199/I/HK/2025, tanggal 7 Oktober 2025 tentang Majelis Pengukuhan Profesor Riset, yang bersangkutan dapat melakukan Orasi Ilmiah Pengukuhan Profesor Riset.

Menamatkan Sekolah Dasar Taruna Bakti di Bandung, tahun 1973, Sekolah Menengah Umum Tingkat Pertama (SMP) Negeri XIII Bandung, tahun 1976, Sekolah Menengah Umum Tingkat Atas (SMA) Negeri III Bandung, tahun 1980. Memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Mesin dari Fakultas Teknik Universitas Brawijaya, Malang tahun 1986, gelar Magister Teknik di bidang Mechanical System Engineering Program dari Nagaoka University of Technology, Japan tahun 1998, dan gelar Doktor di bidang Ilmu Keteknikan Pertanian dari Institut Pertanian Bogor, tahun 2009.

Mengikuti beberapa pelatihan yang terkait dengan bidang energi, antara lain: “Fuel Combustion Technology Course” di ITB Bandung (September 1988 sd Juli 1989), “Nuclear Technology Course” di Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Japan (Oktober 1989 – April 1990), “On the job training on PWR Nuclear Power Plant Design Aspects” di Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd, Japan (juli 1990 sd Juli 1992), “Plant Design System/PDS Training di Intergraph” di Huntsville, USA (April 1994), “AP600 Nuclear Power Plant Design Participation” di Bechtel California dan di Westinghouse Electric Corporation di Monroeville, PA, USA (1993 sd 1996), “Training Balance of Plant PLTU” di PLN Jatim (1996), “LNG Plant Tangguh Front End Engineering Design Project”, Houston, TX, USA (Maret sd Juni 2001).

Pernah menduduki jabatan struktural sebagai Kepala Subbagian Tata Usaha Balai Rekayasa Desain dan Sistem Teknologi (BRDST) – Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) (2001-2002), Kepala BRDST – BPPT (2002-2010), Kepala Balai Besar Teknologi Energi (B2TE) – BPPT (2010-2014), Sekretaris Utama BPPT (2014-2018), Deputi Kepala BPPT Bidang Teknologi Agroindustri dan Bioteknologi (2018-2021).

 Jabatan fungsional diawali sebagai Asisten Peneliti Madya golongan III/b tahun 1993, Ajun Peneliti Muda golongan III/b tahun 1996, Ajun Peneliti Madya golongan III/c tahun 2000, Peneliti Madya golongan IV/a tahun 2007, Perekayasa Madya golongan IV/b tahun 2009 dan memperoleh jabatan fungsional  Perekayasa Ahli Utama golongan IV/e bidang energi tahun 2021.

Menghasilkan 62 karya tulis ilmiah (KTI), baik yang ditulis sendiri maupun bersama penulis lain dalam bentuk buku, jurnal, dan prosiding. Sebanyak 32 KTI ditulis dalam bahasa inggris, dan 30 KTI dalam bahasa Indonesia. Mengahasilkan 10 Paten terdaftar.

Ikut serta dalam pembinaan kader ilmiah, yaitu sebagai pembimbing tesis (S-2) pada Universitas Gajah Mada; pembimbing disertasi (S-3) pada Institut Pertanian Bogor, Universitas Indonesia dan Universitas Sriwijaya; serta penguji skripsi (S-1) dan disertasi (S-3) pada Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Aktif dalam organisasi ilmiah, di antaranya yaitu sebagai anggota Anggota Masyarakat Energi Terbarukan Indonesia (METI) (2003 – sekarang), Anggota Ikatan Ahli Bioenergi Indonesia (IKABI) (2011 – sekarang), anggota Persatuan Insinyur Indonesia/PII (2021 – Sekarang) dan anggota Perhimpunan Periset Indonesia (PPI).

Menerima tanda penghargaan Satyalancana Pembangunan (tahun 2006), Satyalancana Karya Satya 30 Tahun (tahun 2018), Satyalancana Karya Satya 20 Tahun (tahun 2009), Satyalancana  Karya Satya 10 Tahun (tahun 2002) dari Presiden RI.

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