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KANTONG SEMAR (Nepenthes spp.) DI INDONESIA: DARI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI MENUJU SISTEM KONSERVASI DAN PEMANFAATAN BERKELANJUTAN
Keywords:
Nepenthes, Manfaat, Konservasi, IndonesiaSynopsis
Dalam klasifikasi tumbuhan, Nepenthes digolongkan sebagai tumbuhan karnivora, Indonesia merupakan pusat persebaran di dunia dan sampai saat ini memiliki 83 jenis atau 39,3% dari jumlah total yang ada di dunia, tersebar di Pulau Sumatra 39 jenis, Kalimantan 24 jenis, Sulawesi 14 jenis, Papua 13 jenis, Maluku 5 jenis, dan Jawa 3 jenis, sebagian besar status keberadaaanya dilindungi oleh undang-undang. Keanekaragaman jenis Nepenthes di Indonesia menghadapi tekanan serius akibat hilangnya habitat, degradasi ekosistem, dan perdagangan ilegal. Oleh karena itu, upaya konservasi Nepenthes perlu dilakukan secara terintegrasi melalui pendekatan in-situ, ex-situ, penguatan kebijakan, serta keterlibatan multipihak. Menurut IUCN, di Indonesia saat ini ada enam jenis Nepenthes yang masuk kedalam kategori kritis dan masuk kedalam skala prioritas untuk segera dikonservasi, yaitu; N. aristolochioides, N. clipeata, N. dubia, N. lavicola, N. rigidifolia, dan N. sumatrana
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