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Inovasi Material Komposit Biodegradable Berbasis Logam Magnesium untuk Implan Tulang Traumatik
Keywords:
Magnesium biodegradable, Carbonate apatite, Komposit Mg–CAp , Implan tulang traumatikSynopsis
Pengembangan komposit biodegradable magnesium–carbonate apatite (Mg–CAp) menawarkan pendekatan inovatif untuk implan tulang traumatik yang dirancang mampu menopang beban sekaligus terdegradasi secara terkendali tanpa memerlukan operasi pelepasan. Keterbaruan riset ini terletak pada pengembangan komposit magnesium dengan carbonate apatite berbasis lokal yang menyerupai mineral tulang dan berpotensi mendukung respons biologis. Melalui integrasi formulasi material, densifikasi, ekstrusi, rekayasa permukaan, dan pengujian biologis, diperoleh Mg–CAp dengan peningkatan kekuatan mekanik, pengendalian degradasi hingga 0,2 mm/tahun, serta respons biokompatibilitas yang baik.
Riset kemudian dikembangkan dari material menuju kandidat implan fungsional melalui simulasi biomekanik dan pembuatan prototipe interference screw untuk rekonstruksi ligamen ACL. Capaian tersebut menempatkan Mg–CAp pada tahap menuju kesiapan praklinis, dengan tantangan berikutnya berupa validasi mekanik eksperimental dan uji praklinis pada model hewan yang lebih besar. Secara strategis, inovasi ini membuka peluang pemanfaatan sumber daya dalam negeri untuk mengurangi ketergantungan impor, memperkuat kapasitas riset dan manufaktur, serta mendorong kemandirian industri alat kesehatan nasional.
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