Kontribusi Teknologi Radiasi Pengion dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Obat Bahan Alam

Authors

Hendig Winarno
Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/brin.3691

Keywords:

Kimia radiasi, Radiasi pengion, Iradiasi obat bahan alam, Kesehatan

Synopsis

Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang sangat besar sebagai sumber obat bahan alam (OBA) yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi obat herbal terstandar dan fitofarmaka. Akan tetapi, pengembangan OBA masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, terutama cemaran mikrobiologis, penurunan mutu selama penyimpanan, dan perlunya jaminan keamanan, stabilitas, dan konsistensi kandungan senyawa bioaktif. Teknologi radiasi pengion, meliputi sinar gamma, berkas elektron, dan sinar-X merupakan salah satu pendekatan dekontaminasi yang efektif karena mampu menurunkan cemaran mikroorganisme tanpa meninggalkan residu kimia maupun merusak kualitas bahan.

Orasi ini membahas konsep dasar radiasi pengion, mekanisme interaksi radiasi dengan OBA, aplikasi iradiasi, serta dampaknya terhadap stabilitas fitokimia, aktivitas biologis, dan keamanan bahan. Selain itu, dibahas pula pentingnya kerangka regulasi internasional dan nasional, termasuk standar Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), dan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) sebagai landasan penerapan teknologi iradiasi di Indonesia.

Berbagai penelitian pada tanaman obat Indonesia, seperti sambiloto, daun sirsak, keladi tikus, benalu, rosela, jati belanda, mahkota dewa, temulawak, temu putih, jahe merah, dan tanaman obat lainnya menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi pada dosis optimum (5–10 kGy) efektif menurunkan cemaran mikrobiologis dengan tetap mempertahankan stabilitas fitokimia, aktivitas biologis, dan keamanan. Respons setiap tanaman dipengaruhi oleh jenis senyawa bioaktif, kadar air, bentuk sediaan, dan dosis radiasi sehingga optimasi proses diperlukan untuk setiap bahan.

Dengan memadukan konsep dasar, perkembangan regulasi, dan bukti ilmiah terkini, buku ini diharapkan menjadi referensi bagi peneliti, akademisi, regulator, pembuat kebijakan, dan industri dalam mengembangkan OBA yang aman, bermutu, dan berdaya saing. Penerapannya diharapkan mendukung modernisasi obat herbal Indonesia, memperkuat kemandirian industri farmasi nasional, serta mendorong pemanfaatan teknologi nuklir untuk pembangunan kesehatan yang berkelanjutan.

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Author Biography

Hendig Winarno, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Dr. Hendig Winarno, M. Sc. lahir di Blitar, Jawa Timur.

Berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 30/M Tahun 2020 tanggal 13 April 2020 yang bersangkutan diangkat sebagai Peneliti Ahli Utama terhitung mulai tanggal 13 April 2020, dan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia No. 3/M Tahun 2022 tanggal 19 Januari 2022, yang bersangkutan diangkat sebagai Peneliti Ahli Utama di BRIN terhitung mulai tanggal 1 Oktober 2021.

Berdasarkan Keputusan Kepala Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional Nomor 211/I/HK/2026 tanggal 14 September 2026 yang bersangkutan melakukan orasi Pengukuhan Profesor Riset.

Menamatkan Sekolah Dasar Negeri Pakisrejo, Srengat, Blitar tahun 1972, Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri Srengat, Blitar tahun 1975, Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri Genteng, Banyuwangi tahun 1979. Memperoleh gelar Sarjana Kimia dari FMIPA UGM tahun 1987, gelar Magister Kimia Bahan Alam dari Universitas Osaka, Jepang tahun 1994, dan gelar Doktor bidang Kimia Farmasi di Universitas Fukuyama, Jepang 2003.

Mengikuti beberapa pelatihan yang terkait dengan bidang kompetensinya, antara lain: Keahlian Dasar Bidang Tenaga Atom di BATAN Yogyakarta (1988), Operator Training on GCQ – Mass Spectrometer: Advances in Ion Trap Technology di Jakarta (1996), Pemodelan & Simulasi dalam Analisis Lingkungan (1997), Training on Optimizing and Validation of Poly-aromatic Hydrocarbons Analysis by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) di Juelich Research Center - Jerman (1997), Regional (RCA) Training Workshop on the Use of Isotope Hydrology for Dam Safety and Dam Leakage di Yogyakarta (1999), Pelatihan Penyusunan Dokumentasi dan Audit Laboratorium ISO/IEC 17025:2005 (2007), Pelatihan Asesor Anggkatan III Komisi Nasional Akreditasi Pranata Penelitian dan Pengembangan (KNAPPP) (2011), Fondation of Physical Protection at Facilities Holding Nuclear or Radioactive Materials-Best Practice Workshop di London – Inggris (2012), Agent of Change Leadership From Heart (2013), Workshop to Finalize the Study Protocols for the Assessment of Human Milk Intake di IAEA – Wina (2014), International Workshop on Development of Bioenergy Crops as Renewable Energy Sources for APEC Economies di Yogyakarta (2015), Workshop on Change Management for Change Leader di BATAN Jakarta (2015), Pelatihan Pemahaman Persyaratan Sistem Manajemen Laboratorium Berbasis SNI ISO/IEC 17025:2017 di Jakarta (2022), dan Teori & Praktik “Application IVIS Spectrum in Life Science Research” di Jakarta (2025).

Pernah menduduki jabatan struktural sebagai Kepala Subbagian Administrasi Ilmiah dan Dokumentasi – Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Isotop dan Radiasi – BATAN (1999 – 2000), Kepala Bidang Proses Radiasi - Pusat Aplikasi Teknologi Isotop dan Radiasi - BATAN (2006 – 2012), Kepala Pusat Aplikasi Teknologi Isotop dan Radiasi – BATAN (2012 – 2014), Kepala Pusat Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi – BATAN (2014 – 2016), Deputi Kepala BATAN Bidang Pendayagunaan Teknologi Nuklir (2016 – 2020).

Jabatan fungsional peneliti diawali sebagai Peneliti Ahli Muda golongan IIIc tahun 1995, Peneliti Ahli Muda golongan IIId tahun 1997, Peneliti Ahli Madya golongan IVa tahun 1999, Peneliti Ahli Madya golongan IVb tahun 2005, Peneliti Ahli Madya golongan IVc tahun 2010, dan memperoleh jabatan Peneliti Ahli Utama bidang Kimia Radiasi, Isotop Perunut, dan Kimia Farmasi tahun 2020.

Menghasilkan 97 karya tulis ilmiah (KTI), baik yang ditulis sendiri maupun penulis lain dalam bentuk buku, jurnal, dan prosiding. Sebanyak 51 KTI ditulis dalam Bahasa Inggris, dan 46 dalam Bahasa Indonesia.

Ikut serta dalam pembinaan kader ilmiah, yaitu sebagai pembimbing jabatan fungsional peneliti pada Pusat Riset Teknologi Proses Radiasi (PRTPR) – Organisasi Riset Tenaga Nuklir (ORTN) – BRIN (dahulu Pusat Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi – BATAN), pembimbing skripsi (S-1) pada Universitas Indonesia, Universitas Lampung, Universitas Pancasila, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Universitas Nusa Bangsa; pembimbing tesis (S-2) pada Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Indonesia, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dan Universitas Pancasila; pembimbing disertasi (S-3) pada Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Indonesia, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dan Universitas Pancasila; serta penguji disertasi (S-3) pada Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Indonesia, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Universitas Sriwijaya, dan Universitas Pancasila.

Aktif dalam organisasi profesi ilmiah sebagai anggota Himpunan Kimia Bahan Alam Jepang (1992 – 1994), Himpunan Kimia Indonesia (1999 – 2002), Kelompok Kerja Nasional Tanaman Obat Indonesia (1996 – 2000), Perhimpunan Periset Indonesia (2019 – sekarang), dan Perhimpunan Obat Bahan Alami Indonesia (2021 – 2022).

Menerima tanda penghargaan “University President’s Award in recognition of outstanding research as a postgraduate student” dari Rektor Fukuyama University (2003); Peserta Terbaik I Diklat PIM II dari Kepala LAN RI tahun 2012, Peserta Terbaik V Diklat PIM I dari Kepala LAN RI tahun 2017, Satyalancana Karya Satya X, XX, dan XXX Tahun pada tahun 1999, 2008, dan 2018 dari Presiden Republik Indonesia.

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