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Memperkuat Inklusivitas Program Kredit dalam Kompleksitas dan Segmentasi Persaingan di Pasar Keuangan Mikro
Synopsis
Keberadaan industri keuangan mikro sangat esensial karena sebagai sumber utama pembiayaan usaha mikro-kecil (UMK)---pilar utama perekonomian nasional dan sumber pendapatan masyarakat kecil tetapi secara persisten menghadapi kelangkaan modal. Naskah orasi mengambil tema sentral program kredit mikro karena intervensi kebijakan ini telah dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah dalam periode yang panjang dan berskala besar, tetapi akses pembiayaan bagi UMK masih tetap rendah. Kontribusi utama orasi ini adalah bahwa implementasi program kredit mikro harus mempertimbangkan tiga aspek penting, yaitu (1) prinsip kompleksitas dalam karakteristik keuangan mikro, (2) prinsip segmentasi persaingan, dan (3) prinsip kontradiksi di mana penyaluran program kredit bersubsidi melalui perbankan cenderung distortif, dan berpotensi memarginalkan LKM. Dalam kerangka ini, program kredit mikro harus didesain bukan hanya untuk menyediakan kredit murah bagi UMK, tetapi secara simultan memperkuat kemampuan bisnis LKM.
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